Pinus taiwanensis, also known as Taiwan Red Pine, is a large coniferous tree found only in Taiwan. It is closely related to Pinus luchuensis of Japan and Pinus hwangshanensis of China. The tree can grow up to 35 m tall and 80 cm in diameter, with needles in bundles of two and cones measuring 6-7 cm in length. It is a common species in the Central Mountain Range at elevations between 750-3,000 m, often found in pure stands. Taiwan Red Pine is an important timber tree in Taiwan and can be found in mixed warm-temperate and montane forests, open areas, and sunny ridges on sandy, acidic mountains.