Cucurbita foetidissima, also known as Buffalo Gourd, Missouri Gourd, and Prairie Gourd, is a tuberous plant found in the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. It is well-adapted to desert environments and requires little water, making it a great crop for arid and semiarid lands. The plant contains high amounts of protein, carbohydrates, and abundant oil, which can be used for biofuel production. The fruit can be eaten cooked, and the seeds can be ground into a powder for use in soups or as a thickening agent. The fleshy tap root can be used as a sweetener or for making puddings like tapioca. The buffalo gourd also has industrial uses such as water paints, paper coating, adhesives, and textile sizing. This plant has been used for centuries by Native American cultures for its soap and shampoo-like qualities. The buffalo gourd is a hardy plant that can be grown in sandy loam soils with good drainage and germinates best at temperatures between 59 °F and 99 °F. This adaptable plant offers a range of uses making it a valuable addition to any garden or farm.