Aristolochia clematitis - Herbaceous Plants,Medicinal Herbs,Vine - Birthwort Page

Aristolochia clematitis, commonly known as Birthwort, is a captivating addition to gardens seeking a touch of European mystique. This rhizomatous, deciduous perennial, native to Europe and naturalized in select regions of North America, thrives in USDA Zones 6-9. Reaching heights of 2-3 feet, it is adorned with heart-shaped leaves and distinctive greenish-yellow flowers that bloom from late spring to early summer. Unlike its relatives, Birthwort's flowers are apetalous, featuring a straight funnel-shaped tube that attracts specific tiny insects for pollination.

Historically used under the medieval Doctrine of Signatures, Birthwort was believed to aid childbirth due to its womb-like flower structure. However, its aristolochic acid content is now known to be toxic. Despite this, it plays a crucial ecological role as a host plant for the pipevine swallowtail butterfly, whose larvae feed on its leaves. While it lacks showy flowers, its foliage stands out, making it a perfect fit for borders and naturalized areas. Birthwort appreciates well-drained, moderately fertile soils in full sun to part shade, offering garden enthusiasts a unique historical plant with a story to tell.