Fraxinus pennsylvanica, commonly known as Green Ash or Red Ash, is an adaptable and resilient medium-sized deciduous tree from the Olive family. Native to central and eastern Canada and the United States, this tree thrives in diverse habitats ranging from floodplains and riverbanks to open fields and swamps.
Green Ash matures into a majestic shade tree, reaching 50-70 feet with a spread of 35-50 feet, developing a thick gray-brown bark etched with diamond patterns. Its young form is pyramidal, evolving into a rounded crown with age. The tree boasts 7-9 leaflets per leaf, and in early spring, light green to purple blossoms adorn it. Though prolific female trees yield numerous winged samaras, male trees are preferred for tidy landscapes.
Accommodating to a variety of environments, Green Ash prospers in full sun to light shade, thriving in moist, well-drained soils, and enduring occasional flooding. It withstands drought, wind, moderate salt, and alkaline conditions, making it ideal for dynamic landscapes. However, due to vulnerability to the emerald ash borer, planting new trees is discouraged. This invasive pest, first detected in North America in 2002, threatens the Green Ash, highlighting the ecological challenge it faces today.