The Helianthus tuberosus, commonly known as Jerusalem Artichoke, Sunchoke, or Sunroot, is a root vegetable that is native to eastern North America. It is a species of sunflower that produces elongated tubers with a crisp and crunchy texture similar to ginger root. These tubers are used widely as a root vegetable and are rich in inulin, a carbohydrate that is a polymer of fructose. The Jerusalem Artichoke has been cultivated for thousands of years and was first cultivated by Native Americans as a food source. Early European colonists later made it a popular crop in Europe, but it eventually fell into obscurity in North America. Marketing efforts in the late 1900s and early 2000s have led to the Jerusalem Artichoke's resurgence in popularity. They are easy to cultivate and have a high yield of tubers with potential for the production of ethanol fuel. They are also high in iron, fiber, niacin, thiamine, phosphorus, and copper. Despite being a member of the Asteraceae family, the Jerusalem Artichoke is not related to artichokes and is also known by other names such as earth apple, French or Canada potato, topinambour, and lambchoke.