Quercus fusiformis, commonly known as Texas Live Oak, Escarpment Live Oak, Plateau Live Oak, or Plateau Oak, is a magnificent, evergreen or nearly evergreen tree native to southwestern Oklahoma, Texas, and the Mexican states of Coahuila, Tamaulipas, and Nuevo León. This tree is a member of the white oak section of the Quercus genus and is closely related to Quercus virginiana, or the southern live oak.
The distinguishing feature of Quercus fusiformis is its acorns, which are slightly larger and have a more pointed apex compared to Q. virginiana. It is also a smaller tree, with a shorter trunk diameter and more erect branching. Texas Live Oak is typically found in dry sites, unlike its cousin that prefers moister conditions. It is also considered to be the hardiest evergreen oak, able to withstand very cold winters with minimal leaf burn in USDA zone 6a.
With its picturesque gnarled branches and limbs that spread horizontally from the main trunk, Texas Live Oak can reach heights of 20-40 feet. Its evergreen leaves are ovate to elliptic in shape, measuring 1 to 3 inches long. The acorns of this tree are elongated and spindle-shaped, narrowed at the base.
Quercus fusiformis has become popular in the landscape industry for its beauty, ability to endure urban conditions, and general hardiness. It is prevalently used in Texas and Southern Oklahoma but is also increasingly being used in the Western US. Its stately form and unparalleled longevity have endeared it to generations of residents in its native range. The largest known Texas Live Oak can be found in Real County, Texas.
Overall, the Quercus fusiformis, or Texas Live Oak, is a remarkable tree known for its hardiness, beautiful form, and ability to thrive in various landscapes. Whether you are looking to enhance the beauty of your garden or add a touch of greenery to an urban setting, the Texas Live Oak is an excellent choice.
