Crataegus coccinea, or the Scarlet Hawthorn, is an enchanting deciduous tree native to Eastern North America. Renowned for its spectacular year-round display, this small, broad tree can reach heights of 20-25 feet, making it an ideal choice for landscape focal points or small shade trees in USDA zones 4-7.
In spring, Scarlet Hawthorn bursts into life with clusters of showy, white blossoms, providing a fragrant, albeit slightly unpleasant, floral spectacle. As summer progresses, the lush, dark green leaves form a dense canopy, offering a vibrant contrast against the tree's textured, gray-brown bark. Come autumn, its foliage turns striking shades of orange, scarlet, and purple while the bright red berries, or "haws," ripen. These berries persist into winter, providing food for birds and extending seasonal interest.
Grow Scarlet Hawthorn in full sun to light shade with well-drained soil. It tolerates various urban pollutants and demonstrates moderate drought resistance once established. Its thorns add a protective element, making it a less attractive option for deer and rabbits. Use as ornamental landscaping or wildlife habitat to attract birds, beneficial insects, and pollinators. While the seeds are toxic if consumed in large quantities, the fruit's flesh is safe for culinary uses like jellies after cooking. With proper care, including moderate watering and spring fertilization, Scarlet Hawthorn transforms landscapes, offering enduring beauty and ecological benefits.
