Discover the vibrant and stunning Lobelia cardinalis, also known as Cardinal Flower or Cardinalflower. This beautiful species of Lobelia is native to the Americas, specifically found in southeastern Canada, the eastern and southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and even as far south as northern Colombia. With its bright red flowers, Lobelia cardinalis is a showstopper, growing to a height of about one meter when in bloom.
Lobelia cardinalis is not only visually captivating but also highly ornamental. Its red flowers bloom in the mid-summer, adding a splash of color to any garden or landscape. This plant has the unique ability to hybridize freely with other members of the Lobelia genus, allowing for even more stunning variations.
In terms of cultivation, Lobelia cardinalis thrives in rich, deep soil that remains moist throughout the year. It has received the prestigious Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit, signifying its exceptional qualities. Propagation is relatively easy, whether through seed or dividing young plants. While considered a perennial, it is worth noting that Lobelia cardinalis may have a shorter lifespan. It prefers moist soils and partial shade, making it a versatile option for various gardening conditions.
The Lobelia genus includes two other species commonly found in the Eastern United States: Lobelia inflata, also known as Indian tobacco, and Lobelia siphilitica, or great lobelia. All three species share similar floral characteristics, such as the distinctive "lip" petal near the flower's opening and the plant's "milky" liquid excretion.
Etymologically, Lobelia cardinalis gained its name from the striking resemblance of its flower's vibrant red color to the vesture of Roman Catholic Cardinals. This association can be traced back to the mid-1620s, when the plant was introduced to Europe.
Lobelia cardinalis has not only captivated gardeners but also various indigenous cultures. The Zuni people incorporate this plant into their "schumaakwe cakes" and utilize it externally for rheumatism and swelling. Similarly, the Penobscot people have used the dried leaves of Lobelia cardinalis as a substitute for tobacco, both smoking and possibly chewing it.
As a member of the Lobelia genus, Lobelia cardinalis is considered potentially toxic due to its alkaloid content, including lobelamine and lobeline. Ingesting large quantities can result in symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, salivation, exhaustion, weakness, dilated pupils, convulsions, and even coma. It is important to exercise caution when handling this plant.
To learn more about Lobelia cardinalis, visit our website or consult the USDA's plant database. Invest in the Cardinal Flower's captivating beauty and make your garden truly stand out.