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Ponderosa Pine, also known as Pinus ponderosa, is a widespread and variable pine tree native to western North America. It is found on the Black Hills and on foothills and mid-height peaks of the northern, central and southern Rocky Mountains, as well as the Cascades and Sierra Nevada.
This pine tree has a unique bark with orange color and black crevasses. It is identified by its long needles that grow in tufts of three. The caterpillars of the gelechiid moth Chionodes retiniella feed exclusively on its needles.
Ponderosa Pine has been used medicinally by Native American tribes for its antiseptic and vulnerary properties. It has been used to treat various skin problems, cuts, wounds, burns, and respiratory issues. The turpentine obtained from its resin is also used for its antiseptic and diuretic properties.
There are different geographic races or subspecies of Ponderosa Pine, each adapted to different climatic conditions. These subspecies include the North Plateau race, Rocky Mountains race, Southwestern race, and Pacific race.
Ponderosa Pine is a valuable tree for its medicinal properties as well as its role in the ecosystem. It is resistant to fire and provides habitat and food for various wildlife species. This tree is an important part of the natural landscape in western North America.